Clinical meaning
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) occurs when a newborn breathes in (aspirates) amniotic fluid that contains meconium (the baby's first stool). Meconium is normally passed after birth, but when a fetus is stressed (usually from lack of oxygen), it may pass meconium before delivery. If the baby gasps or takes breaths while meconium is in the amniotic fluid, the thick, sticky substance can block the airways and irritate the lungs. This causes difficulty breathing, poor oxygen levels, and potentially serious complications. MAS is more common in post-term infants (born after 42 weeks) and in babies who experienced fetal distress during labor. The nursing role focuses on recognizing the signs of respiratory distress, supporting airway management, and promptly reporting changes to the nurse or provider.
Exam relevance
Risk factors: - Post-term pregnancy (> 42 weeks) - Fetal distress during labor - Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (green or yellow-green) - Prolonged or difficult labor - Low Apgar scores at birth - Maternal hypertension or diabetes