Clinical meaning
Non-Invasive Ventilation Modes involves alterations in airway structure, gas exchange, or pulmonary vascular function. Non-Invasive Ventilation Modes pathophysiology includes changes in ventilation-perfusion matching, airway resistance, and pulmonary compliance.
Diagnosis & workup
Diagnostics & workup: - CT pulmonary angiography for PE evaluation - Methacholine challenge for suspected asthma with normal spirometry - Pulmonary function tests: FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio, DLCO - Peak expiratory flow rate monitoring for asthma - Pulse oximetry and continuous SpO2 monitoring - D-dimer (high sensitivity, low specificity for PE) - Sputum culture, Gram stain, and AFB stain
Risk factors: - Childhood asthma with persistent airway hyperreactivity - Radiation therapy to chest - Current or former tobacco use (pack-year calculation) - Age >65 with declining mucociliary clearance - Obesity with restrictive physiology and OSA - GERD with chronic microaspiration - Immunocompromised state increasing pneumonia susceptibility