Clinical meaning
Transfusion Reactions: Hemolytic vs Febrile involves alterations in hematopoiesis, hemoglobin function, coagulation, or fibrinolysis relevant to transfusion reactions.
Diagnosis & workup
Diagnostics & workup: - PT/INR and aPTT for coagulation pathway assessment - Reticulocyte count (production index) for bone marrow response - D-dimer for DIC screening or fibrinolysis assessment - CBC with differential and peripheral blood smear review - Iron studies: serum iron, TIBC, ferritin, transferrin saturation - Hemoglobin electrophoresis for hemoglobinopathy screening - Bone marrow biopsy for unexplained cytopenias or suspected malignancy
Risk factors: - Anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy increasing bleeding risk - Chronic disease states causing anemia of inflammation - Malignancy with bone marrow infiltration or DIC - Iron deficiency (most common cause of anemia worldwide) - B12 or folate deficiency (vegans, malabsorption, metformin use) - Splenomegaly with hypersplenism - Recent surgery or trauma with blood loss